AI Literacy

Lesson 4: Designing AI

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Part 1: What AI really is?

Demystification Approach:

AI sounds complicated, but the basic idea is simple. Let me give you an analogy everyone can relate to.

Cooking Analogy Development:

Think about learning to cook your signature dish - maybe jollof rice, ugali, or bobotie. How did you learn?

Expected responses: "Watching my mother", "YouTube videos", "Practice", "Trying different recipes"

Connect to AI:

AI learns exactly the same way, but instead of watching a few people cook, it 'watches' millions of examples. Instead of making a few practice dishes, it practices millions of times. That's why it can get very good very fast.

Key Insight:

But here's the important part - just like you need to taste and adjust your cooking based on your family's preferences, AI needs humans to guide it and make it useful for real life.

Address Common Concerns:

Some people worry AI will replace humans. But think about it - even with all those cooking videos online, do you want a robot to cook for your family celebration? Or do you want the love, cultural knowledge, and personal touch that you bring? AI is the same - it's a powerful tool, but it needs your wisdom.

Part 2: Types of AI You Use Daily

Recognition and Empowerment:

Let's look at your smartphone like an AI expert would. I'll mention different features - nod if you've used them.

Go through each category with audience participation:

Recommendation AI:

YouTube suggests Nollywood movies, Kenyan films, or South African series, Jumia, Kilimall, or Takealot shows products you might like, Spotify creates playlists based on your Afrobeats, Gengetone, or Amapiano preferences. Have you noticed this? How accurate are these suggestions for you?

Translation AI:

Google Translate, WhatsApp translation, voice assistants understanding different African accents. Has anyone used these to communicate with people who speak different languages?

Safety AI:

Bank apps that text you about unusual spending, email that filters spam. These are protecting you automatically. Have you gotten these alerts?

Behind-the-Scenes AI:

Even simple things like your camera automatically focusing on faces, or your phone's battery lasting longer because it learns your usage patterns.

Empowerment Message:

You see? You're not an AI beginner - you're an experienced user who's now learning to be more intentional about it.

Part 3: What is Generative AI?

AI tools that help you create different forms of media, such as text, videos, and images, are referred to as 'generative' AI. Generative AI doesn’t just recognize patterns and analyze information; it can create new content based on patterns it has learned from large datasets.

Examples:

Think of generative AI as a system that learns from many examples and then generates similar content on its own. Generative AI can create:

• Text: emails, reports, stories, chat responses
• Images: artwork, product designs, illustrations
• Audio: music, speech, voice cloning
• Video: videos or animations
• Code: software programs or scripts

For example, Meta AI is generative AI.

What is Meta AI?

Meta AI is an AI-powered digital assistant that helps users with everyday tasks. It is available within apps like Facebook, WhatsApp, Messenger, and Instagram, and can also be used on its own. Powered by Llama, Meta's language model, is designed to understand what people say and respond in a useful way. Users ask questions, write content, create images, or get help with everyday tasks.

Practical Examples

Example 1 - Text Generation:

• Generative AI can help you create text or written content
• If you go to Meta AI and type the following prompt: "Write a message congratulating someone on their traditional wedding ceremony."
• The output generated will be a congratulatory message which you can share with the couple

Example 2 - Video Generation:

• Input to Meta AI: "Generate a short video of a busy city market.”
• Output: Short video showing a market scene

Real-World Applications:

• Writing professional emails or messages
• Creating social media content
• Designing simple graphics or flyers
• Creating graphics for small business advertising

Set Realistic Expectations:

It's like having a very knowledgeable assistant who works for free, but sometimes gives wrong answers and needs you to double-check their work.

Additional note to participants: Remember to state that any content generated using AI, particularly content that resembles or depicts real people, is AI-generated when it is shared publicly.

Discussion Exercise: What are the most applicable or impactful uses of AI in your field of work?

Part 4: AI Limitations

Honest Discussion:

It's important to understand what AI cannot do, so you don't rely on it for the wrong things.

Here are a few examples:

• AI is great at finding patterns—like knowing what videos you might like next on YouTube, but it doesn’t get happy, sad, or excited. It doesn’t have feelings like you do.
• AI can chat with you, write poems, or even help you with homework ideas, but it might not understand why jollof rice is so special or what a Nigerian wedding feels like—it needs people to explain.
• AI can recognize faces in photos or understand your voice, like when you say “Hey Google!” but it doesn’t have common sense or know what’s right or wrong on its own.
• The more examples AI sees, the better it gets—just like practicing makes you better at football or drawing, but it can make mistakes! Sometimes it guesses wrong or gives silly answers—so always double-check.

Typical African Example:

AI might write about Nigerian, Kenyan, or South African culture, but it doesn't understand the feeling of community during festivals like Eid, Mashujaa Day, or Heritage Day, the real meaning behind our diverse proverbs and sayings, or the lived experience of navigating Lagos traffic, Nairobi matatus, or Cape Town taxis. That human understanding is irreplaceable.

Practical Implications:

Use AI for information, ideas, and first drafts. But for important decisions - especially about family, money, health, or relationships - you need human wisdom, local knowledge, and cultural understanding.

Module Transition:

Now that you understand what AI can and can't do, let's explore how to use it practically in your daily life.

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